Hirata Disease (Insulin Autoimmune Syndrome)- A Rare Disease Manifesting as Hypoglycemia

Abstract

Insulin autoantibodies at high titres cause hypo-glycemia episodes in patients with insulin autoimmune syndrome, commonly known as Hirata's disease. Immuno-absorbent syndrome is a type of immune-mediated hypoglycaemia that arises when a trigger such as a drug or a virus interacts with a predisposed genetic background. Insulin-Auto antibodies complexes are formed during the pathophysiology of Insulin Autoimmune Syndrome and cause double-phase glycaemic changes. Insulin is released from the complexes regardless of blood glucose concentrations, causing hypoglycaemia.