A Quick New Score to Predict In-hospital Mortality, Cardiac Arrest and Cardiogenic Shock in Acute Myocardial Infarction

Abstract

Background: Acute Myocardial infarction is one of the most important components of the burden
of cardiovascular diseases. A total of 5–10% of patients with anterior wall AMI develop cardiogenic
shock(CS) & 8–10 % had a cardiac arrest. This study aims to provide a new assessment score using
parameters like age, sex, heart rate, systolic blood pressure, and investigations like ECG, Killip class,
hemoglobin, random blood sugar (RBS), and serum creatinine, for these complications and could
identify high-risk patients.
Methods: An observational study was performed in Medicine Department at R. D. Gardi Medical
College, Ujjain (M.P.).All cases of AMI aged between 30 to 70 years are included in this study. We use
the following factors to calculate the new score- male gender, age >50 years, ECG [ST-T abnormalities], Killip class >1, HR<40 or ≥ 100 bpm, SBP<100 mmHg, RBS >200 mg/dL, serum creatinine>1.3 mg/dL, Hb<11 gm%. The data which was collected was analysed with IBM.SPSS statistics software 23.0 version To find the efficacy of the risk score, sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV were used, and the probability value 0.05 is considered significant.
Results: In our study, a total of 87 patients with AMI were assessed. On the basis of the data which was collected, on taking a score cut off of 8, specificity & sensitivity of 78 and 72% for CS while Specificity & sensitivity of 69 and 100% for cardiac arrest And for mortality, specificity & sensitivity of 81 and 70%.
Interpretation & conclusion: Patients with score ≥ 8 are more likely to have complications such as CS, cardiac arrest and mortality and may be managed aggressively and those with lower scores have less risk of complications.