Central India Journal of Medical Research

Why do we need an integrative approach to solve the health problems in the modern society?

2024-04-03T09:14:14+00:00

Not applicable

Yoga in the management of Parkinson’s disease: An update

2024-08-03T10:47:07+00:00

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that has both motor and non-motor symptoms. In the modern lifestyle, several risk factors exist for Parkinson’s disease some are stress, obesity, pesticides, and excess use of certain dairy products. Yoga is reported to improve both motor and non-motor symptoms in patients with PD and contributes to improvement of their quality of life.⁵There is a need for more clinical trials to be conducted in this area to introduce yoga as an effective therapy in the management of Parkinson’s disease.

An Introduction and Emerging Techniques in Cardiac MRI

2024-04-19T17:22:02+00:00

Background: Heart imaging is critical to the diagnosis and management of a wide variety of cardiac pathologies. The expanding importance of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) in clinical practice and its application to the medical field are discussed here. Nowadays, CMR is a recognized diagnostic technique with many practical applications. Compared to echocardiography and other radiologic modalities, it offers numerous benefits, such as non-invasiveness, low ionizing radiation, and good spatial and temporal resolution. It is appropriate for long-term treatment monitoring and disease process follow-up due to its non-invasive nature.
Objective: The benefits of CMR over other imaging modalities are covered in this article, along with a brief overview of the indications, new methods, and standard CMR procedures for characterizing cardiac diseases and myocardial tissue.

Synaesthesia: A Disease or Melancholy

2024-06-13T11:56:45+00:00

Synaesthesia is an unintentional cross-modal awareness in which the activation of one sensory or cognitive channel produces experiences in another. This sensory integration results in a wide range of perceptual associations, such as seeing colors in response to sounds or feeling flavors while reading words.
Research into the neuronal mechanics of synaesthesia has shed light on the inner workings of the brain’s sensory processing. The phenomenon has encouraged multidisciplinary collaboration, with artists incorporating synesthetic experiences into their works and scientists researching the genetic and environmental variables that contribute to its emergence.
Synaesthesia may have both beneficial and negative effects on people, underscoring the need for sophisticated methods to manage it. While some people find synesthetic senses enriching, others may seek ways to minimize or regulate their experiences. Mindfulness methods, cognitive behavioral therapy, and, in certain situations, pharmaceutical intervention are also possible approaches.
Synaesthesia not only raises problems about the nature of perception and awareness, but it also provides novel options for creative expression and technological advancement. So, it’s a mysterious tapestry of sensory harmony.

From the Desk of the editor

2024-08-22T05:36:12+00:00

Acknowledging the Stakeholders, Series Two – ‘Salutation to Editors’

Biases Including Confounding and Effect Size Modification in Clinical Studies and Their Mitigations

2024-07-08T10:48:01+00:00

An association analysis is an integral part of almost every clinical study. To determine the existing relationship of an exposure (e.g., smoking; treatment) with its expected respective outcome (e.g., coronary heart disease (CHD); improvement) accurately, one has to ensure the quality of data. Regardless of the types of association measures depending on various study designs (to be discussed separately), the association/relationship of exposure with an outcome may often get distorted due to the presence of various biases, including confounding and effect size modifications in the collected data. In spite of following each of the major research methodology steps required under a clinical study, to ensure the quality of data, one needs to minimize/nullify each of the numerous probable biases, including confounding and effect size modifications in the data. Hence, the focus of the present write-up is to briefly describe these biases so that researchers can be aware and take care of them in their clinical study.

The Crucial Role of Understanding the Incubation Period in Immediate Patient Care: Implications for Disease Management and Public Health

2024-05-14T11:20:30+00:00

The incubation period, the interval between exposure to a pathogen and the onset of symptoms, is a fundamental concept in infectious disease epidemiology. This research article explores the importance of the incubation period in immediate patient care and its broader implications for disease management and public health. Drawing upon existing literature and epidemiological data, we discuss the significance of early detection, isolation, contact tracing, treatment planning, and resource allocation in mitigating the spread of infectious diseases. We also examine challenges and opportunities in leveraging knowledge of the incubation period to enhance patient outcomes and public health preparedness.

Comparison of Sensorineural Hearing Loss in all Age Groups in the Year 2020 (COVID-19), 2021 and 2022: A Retrospective Study

2024-03-01T05:39:43+00:00

Background: Hearing loss can be categorized into two types: Conductive and sensorineural. Sensorineural hearing loss, which becomes more prevalent with age, is the most common type and accounts for the majority of all hearing loss cases. This study aims to compare the prevalence of sensorineural hearing loss across all age groups in the years 2020 (during COVID-19), 2021, and 2022.
Methods: The study was conducted in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology at R. D. Gardi Medical College in Ujjain (M.P.). A total of 901 patients with audiologically confirmed sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) were included and evaluated in this study.
Results: The patients’ ages ranged from 1 to 90 years, with a mean age of 54.13 years. The highest number of patients (30.52%) were in the 61 to 70 age group.
In our study, we exclusively examined and reported 901 cases of sensorineural hearing loss, out of which total patients in 2020, 2021, and 2022 were 118 (13.09%), 336 (37.29%), and 447 (49.61%), respectively. A total of 78 (8.65%) cases were unilateral and 823 (91.34%) cases were bilateral. Male:Female ratios in 2020, 2021, and 2022 were 3.53:1, 1.60:1, and 2.31:1, respectively.
Possible reasons for the reduction of sensorineural hearing loss during COVID-19 lockdown -
1. Nearly all the services, factories, social gatherings and events were suspended during this phase.
2. During the lockdown, there was a notable decrease in noise levels. Before the COVID-19 lockdown, average noise levels varied between 44.85 and 79.57 dB across different areas. However, during the lockdown, these levels dropped to between 38.55 and 57.79 dB.
3. During the lockdown period, road traffic noise was notably reduced compared to the noise levels observed before and after the lockdown.
4. In 2020, the outpatient department (OPD) was open only for emergency cases in March, April, and May, resulting in no diagnoses of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) during these three months. Additionally, even after the OPD resumed normal operations, the number of patients seeking treatment was notably lower compared to 2021 and 2022.
Conclusion: Most patients with sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) in this study were male, with an average age of 54.13 years. In 2020 (COVID-19), a total of 118 patients were affected with SNHL as compared to 336 and 447 patients in the years 2021 & 2022, respectively. Affected patients with SNHL in 2020 are less as compared to 2021 & 2022, as per the study.