Management of Glaucoma During Pregnancy and Lactation: A Comprehensive Review
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Abstract
Glaucoma in women of reproductive age is uncommon but poses significant therapeutic challenges when encountered during pregnancy and lactation. Physiological hormonal changes during pregnancy often lead to a reduction in intraocular pressure (IOP); however, disease progression may still occur, particularly in patients with pre-existing or secondary glaucomas. Treatment decisions must balance maternal visual preservation against potential fetal and neonatal risks. This review summarizes current evidence on epidemiology, physiological changes affecting IOP, and trimester-specific medical, laser, and surgical management strategies for glaucoma during pregnancy and the postpartum period.
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