Clinical Profile and Management Outcomes of Ventral Hernia at a Tertiary Care Centre
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Abstract
Background: Ventral hernia is a common abdominal wall defect associated with significant morbidity. Despite advances in mesh-based repair, postoperative complications and recurrence remain important concerns. Evaluation of the clinical profile, risk factors, and surgical outcomes is essential for optimizing patient management.
Results: The mean age of the cases was 47.71 ± 16.33 years, with males constituting 52.1% of the study population. Umbilical and paraumbilical hernias were the most common types (26.0% each). Chronic constipation (43.8%) and chronic cough (38.4%) were the most frequent predisposing factors. Hernioplasty using polypropylene mesh was performed in 94.5% of cases, with the sublay technique being the most commonly used mesh placement (34.2%). Surgical site infection was the most common postoperative complication (12.3%), followed by hematoma (11.0%) and seroma (8.2%), while recurrence occurred in only 2.7% of cases. The mean Visual Analog Scale (VAS) score increased from 4.47 ± 1.60 preoperatively to 5.67 ± 1.41 on postoperative day 1 and decreased significantly to 1.58 ± 1.17 by postoperative day 7 (p<0.001). Most cases (60.3%) resumed normal activities within 30 days, 58.9% achieved good overall outcomes, and 72.6% reported satisfaction with treatment.
Conclusion: Ventral hernia predominantly affected middle-aged adults and was commonly associated with chronic constipation, chronic cough, and increased BMI. Open mesh hernioplasty with polypropylene mesh provided favorable surgical outcomes with low recurrence, acceptable postoperative complication rates, significant reduction in postoperative pain, and high patient satisfaction, supporting its effectiveness as the standard treatment for ventral hernia repair.
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